Fuming Sulfuric Acid
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General
Fuming Sulfuric Acid, Fuming Sulphuric Acid and Oleum are all names to describe the same product. Fuming Sulfuric Acid is also often referred to as Disulphuric Acid or Pyrosulphuric Acid.
Fuming Sulfuric Acid consists of different amounts of Sulphur Trioxide in Sulphuric Acid. The general formula for this is ySO3.H2O where ‘y’ refers to the total molar Sulphur Trioxide content in the product. This can also be expressed as H2SO4.𝔁SO3 where ‘𝔁’ represents the molar free Sulphur Trioxide content which is used to assay Fuming Sulfuric Acid and by varying the value of ‘𝔁’ it is possible to produce different Fuming Sulfuric Acids. For example, when 𝔁 = 1, Disulphuric Acid is produced whose chemical formula is H2S2O7.
Fuming Sulfuric Acid is solid at room temperature in its pure form and this has many advantages when it comes to transporting the material. Fuming Sulfuric Acid can be shipped by tanker in its solid form and then converted to liquid form at the destination which means a much safer method of transportation. Steam heating, dilution or concentration methods can be used to convert solid Fuming Sulfuric Acid into liquid form. Fuming Sulfuric Acid has a melting point of 36 degrees C.
Fuming Sulfuric Acid can be produced in the 'contact process'. This is when Sulphur Trioxide, formed by oxidation of Sulphur, is dissolved in Sulphuric Acid.
There are a number of reactions in which Fuming Sulfuric Acid can be used:-
- Benzene is sulphonated by Fuming Sulfuric Acid to produce Benzene Sulphonic Acid.
- Toluene is sulphonated by Fuming Sulfuric Acid to produce p-Toluenesulphonic Acid
- Sulphuric Acid is formed by adding Fuming Sulfuric Acid to water
Facts about Fuming Sulfuric Acid
- Molecular Mass of Fuming Sulfuric Acid is 178.14
- Density is 1.94g/cm3
- Purity is approximately 30% which is based on the free SO3 content
Hazards of Fuming Sulphuric Acid
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid reacts with organic materials e.g. chlorates, carbides, fulminates and picrates. This may cause fire and explosion.
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid should not be allowed to enter watercourses or sewers. It is Harmful to aquatic life. It will cause a change in the pH of water.
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid is Harmful if inhaled. This may cause damage to lungs, throat and nose.
- Ingestion of Fuming Sulfuric Acid results in burns to the mouth, the throat and the oesophagus.
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid is extremely Corrosive. It causes severe skin and eye burns.
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid reacts violently with water and produces heat. It is exothermic.
- Fuming Sulfuric Acid reacts with most metals to produce explosive Hydrogen gas.
Transportation
- The Shipping name of Fuming Sulfuric Acid is Sulphuric Acid, Fuming.
- The UN Number 1831.
- It belongs to Packing Group I. This is the highest Packing Group category and denotes the corrosive properties of Fuming Sulfuric Acid.
- Primary Class 8 ‘Corrosive’.
- Subsiduary Hazard Class 6.1 ‘Toxic’.
- There is no ‘Limited Quantity’ which means that all amounts of Fuming Sulfuric Acid are covered by the Transport Regulations when being transported from place to place.
http://www.sulphuric-acid.co.uk/fuming-sulfuric-acid | Saved Friday, November 18th, 2011 - 5:10 AM