Sulphuric Acid Manufacture
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Sulphuric Acid manufacture can be carried out in one of two ways; by the ‘Contact Process’ and the ‘Wet Sulphuric Acid Process’.
Contact Process
Sulphuric Acid manfacture using the 'contact process' starts by burning Sulphuric Acid to generate Sulphur Dioxide.
S + O2 -> SO2
The next stage of Sulphuric Acid manufacture using the 'contact process' sees Sulphur Dioxide being made into Sulphur Trioxide by oxidation, using Vanadium Pentoxide as a catalyst.
2SO2 + O2 -> 2SO3
V2O5
Sulphur Trioxide is then dissolved in 97 – 98% H2SO4 to generate Oleum (H2S2O7) or fuming Sulphuric Acid. This is then diluted with water to leave concentrated Sulphuric Acid.
H2SO4 + SO4 -> H2S2O7 (Oleum)
H2S2O7 + H2O -> 2H2SO4
Wet Sulphuric Acid Process
Sulphuric Acid manufacture using the 'wet Sulphuric Acid process' starts in the same way as in the 'contact process described above i.e. the first stage is to burn Sulphur to generate SO2 . However, Hydrogen Sulphide can be burned to generate the Sulphur Dioxide.
H2S + 3/2O2 -> H2O + SO2
The next stage of Sulphuric Acid manufacture using the 'wet Sulphuric Acid process' involves Sulphur Trioxide being generated, using Vanadium Pentoxide as before.
2SO2 + O2 -> 2SO3
V2O5
This is then hydrated to generate Sulphuric Acid gas.
SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4
Finally this gas is cooled by condensation to 97 – 98%.
Sulphuric Acid is also known as Sulfuric Acid, the 'f' frequently being used in the American spelling of the word. Oleum, Vitriol, Spirit of Vitriol, Oil of Vitriol and Fuming Sulphuric Acid are other names for the same product whose chemical name is H2SO4.
http://www.sulphuric-acid.co.uk/sulphuric-acid-manufacture | Saved Friday, November 18th, 2011 - 5:13 AM